Wilbur O. Atwater, the famed chemist and Wesleyan professor who is responsible for establishing the food calorie in global scientific and health culture, and who

Antoine Lavoisier, who proposed in 1789 that measuring both heat and carbon dioxide content could shed light onto an organism’s internal processes of metabolism. Lavoisier

 Voit-Pettenkofer calorimeter, the animal occupant is theorized in relation to its environment, which is represented by the exchange of gas in the cage. Changes within

What are the biological effects of inhaled and ingested TNT on organisms

“The application of this metabolic cage has proved useful in collecting solid free fecal and urine samples for analysis.

to assess the biological effects of inhaling fission products singly and as mixtures